EASA FTL calculator
Enter your report time and sectors. Galley works out your maximum flight duty period (FDP) under ORO.FTL.205, whether a planned extension is allowed, and the minimum rest after the duty, with the paragraph behind every number. Free, with no sign-in: it runs in your browser.
Maximum FDP
13:00
- Table 2, report 07:00, 2 sectors
- 13:00
ORO.FTL.205(b)(1) Table 2: maximum daily FDP, acclimatised crew, at reference time; (b)(2) Table 3: unknown state of acclimatisation
- Your FDP, 07:00 to 15:00
- 8:00
- Within the maximum by
- 5:00
Minimum rest after this duty
–:––
Planned extension
Allowed for this duty: maximum 14:00 (+ 1:00).
Your operator plans it in advance, at most 2 times in any 7 consecutive days. The rest before and after it each get 2 h longer, or the rest after it gets 4 h longer.
ORO.FTL.205(d) and CS FTL.1.205(b): extension per the CS table, twice in 7 days; 5/4/2 sectors by WOCL encroachment; +2 h rest before and after or +4 h after
Commander’s discretion
Up to 2 h more (3 h with an augmented crew), on the maximum without a planned extension. Only for unforeseen circumstances on the day, after you report: it is never a planning tool. The rest after it may be reduced, but never below 10 h.
Every use is reported to the operator. When the FDP is extended or the rest reduced by more than 1 h, a copy goes to the authority within 28 days.
ORO.FTL.205(f): commander's discretion up to +2 h (+3 h augmented) on the maximum after 205(b) and (e), i.e. without a planned extension; report above 1 h to the authority within 28 days
Split duty and in-flight rest
Galley does not credit split duty (CS FTL.1.220) or in-flight rest with an augmented crew for EASA yet, so the maximum shown is on the safe side. Your operator’s scheme may allow more: check your OM-A.
Advisory only. Your operator’s approved FTL scheme in the OM-A and its planning system (Leon, for example) decide your limits. Check with ops before you accept a duty.
If your operator connects Leon to Galley, the app shows you Leon’s FTL figures for your duties, not Galley’s.
Track this on your roster in Galley
How the EASA maximum FDP works
The flight duty period runs from report until on blocks at the end of your last sector. For an acclimatised crew member, Table 2 of ORO.FTL.205(b)(1) gives the maximum by report time and sectors: 13:00 for 1 or 2 sectors when you report 06:00–13:29, 30 min less for each further sector, and never less than 9:00. Reports later in the day and at night get less, down to 11:00 for 1 or 2 sectors when you report 17:00–04:59.
The table already includes the reductions for duties in the window of circadian low (WOCL, 02:00–05:59 in the time zone you are acclimatised to). Galley reads the report time in the local time where you report when that is within 2 hours of the time you are acclimatised to. Further away, Table 1 of ORO.FTL.105(1) decides: still acclimatised, acclimatised to the new local time, or in an unknown state, where Table 3 applies.
| Start of FDP | 1–2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 06:00–13:29 | 13:00 | 12:30 | 12:00 | 11:30 | 11:00 | 10:30 | 10:00 | 9:30 | 9:00 |
| 13:30–13:59 | 12:45 | 12:15 | 11:45 | 11:15 | 10:45 | 10:15 | 9:45 | 9:15 | 9:00 |
| 14:00–14:29 | 12:30 | 12:00 | 11:30 | 11:00 | 10:30 | 10:00 | 9:30 | 9:00 | 9:00 |
| 14:30–14:59 | 12:15 | 11:45 | 11:15 | 10:45 | 10:15 | 9:45 | 9:15 | 9:00 | 9:00 |
| 15:00–15:29 | 12:00 | 11:30 | 11:00 | 10:30 | 10:00 | 9:30 | 9:00 | 9:00 | 9:00 |
| 15:30–15:59 | 11:45 | 11:15 | 10:45 | 10:15 | 9:45 | 9:15 | 9:00 | 9:00 | 9:00 |
| 16:00–16:29 | 11:30 | 11:00 | 10:30 | 10:00 | 9:30 | 9:00 | 9:00 | 9:00 | 9:00 |
| 16:30–16:59 | 11:15 | 10:45 | 10:15 | 9:45 | 9:15 | 9:00 | 9:00 | 9:00 | 9:00 |
| 17:00–04:59 | 11:00 | 10:30 | 10:00 | 9:30 | 9:00 | 9:00 | 9:00 | 9:00 | 9:00 |
| 05:00–05:14 | 12:00 | 11:30 | 11:00 | 10:30 | 10:00 | 9:30 | 9:00 | 9:00 | 9:00 |
| 05:15–05:29 | 12:15 | 11:45 | 11:15 | 10:45 | 10:15 | 9:45 | 9:15 | 9:00 | 9:00 |
| 05:30–05:44 | 12:30 | 12:00 | 11:30 | 11:00 | 10:30 | 10:00 | 9:30 | 9:00 | 9:00 |
| 05:45–05:59 | 12:45 | 12:15 | 11:45 | 11:15 | 10:45 | 10:15 | 9:45 | 9:15 | 9:00 |
| Any report time | 1–2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maximum | 11:00 | 10:30 | 10:00 | 9:30 | 9:00 | 9:00 | 9:00 |
Planned extensions
Your operator can plan an FDP up to 1 h longer, at most 2 times in any 7 consecutive days. Sector limits: up to 5 sectors if the FDP does not touch the WOCL, 4 if it touches it by 2 h or less, and 2 if by more. The rest before and after the FDP each get 2 h longer, or the rest after it gets 4 h longer. An extension is not combined with in-flight rest or split duty on the same duty, and crew in an unknown state of acclimatisation can’t use one.
| Start of FDP | 1–2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 06:00–06:14 | – | – | – | – |
| 06:15–06:29 | 13:15 | 12:45 | 12:15 | 11:45 |
| 06:30–06:44 | 13:30 | 13:00 | 12:30 | 12:00 |
| 06:45–06:59 | 13:45 | 13:15 | 12:45 | 12:15 |
| 07:00–13:29 | 14:00 | 13:30 | 13:00 | 12:30 |
| 13:30–13:59 | 13:45 | 13:15 | 12:45 | – |
| 14:00–14:29 | 13:30 | 13:00 | 12:30 | – |
| 14:30–14:59 | 13:15 | 12:45 | 12:15 | – |
| 15:00–15:29 | 13:00 | 12:30 | 12:00 | – |
| 15:30–15:59 | 12:45 | – | – | – |
| 16:00–16:29 | 12:30 | – | – | – |
| 16:30–16:59 | 12:15 | – | – | – |
| 17:00–17:29 | 12:00 | – | – | – |
| 17:30–17:59 | 11:45 | – | – | – |
| 18:00–18:29 | 11:30 | – | – | – |
| 18:30–18:59 | 11:15 | – | – | – |
| 19:00–05:59 | – | – | – | – |
ORO.FTL.205(d) and CS FTL.1.205(b): extension per the CS table, twice in 7 days; 5/4/2 sectors by WOCL encroachment; +2 h rest before and after or +4 h after
Commander’s discretion
For unforeseen circumstances on the day, after you report, the commander may extend the FDP by up to 2 h (3 h with an augmented crew) and may reduce the rest after it, but never below 10 h. Every use is reported to the operator; above 1 h, a copy goes to the authority within 28 days. It is never a planning tool: a trip that doesn’t fit as planned needs a later report, fewer sectors, another crew or a night stop.
ORO.FTL.205(f): commander's discretion up to +2 h (+3 h augmented) on the maximum after 205(b) and (e), i.e. without a planned extension; report above 1 h to the authority within 28 days. ORO.FTL.205(f)(1)(iii): after commander's discretion the rest may be reduced but never below 10 hours.
Minimum rest after a duty
Before an FDP at home base, the rest is at least as long as the duty period before it, and never less than 12 h. Away from base it is at least as long as the duty period before it, and never less than 10 h, which includes an 8-hour sleep opportunity, so travel to and from the hotel comes on top.
Every week you also need a recurrent extended recovery rest of 36 h including 2 local nights, at most 168 h apart. Duty is limited to 60 h in 7 days, 110 h in 14 and 190 h in 28; flight time to 100 h in 28 days, 900 h in a calendar year and 1,000 h in 12 consecutive calendar months.
ORO.FTL.235(a)-(b): at least the preceding duty or 12 h at home base, 10 h away (incl. 8 h sleep opportunity). ORO.FTL.235(d): recurrent extended recovery rest, 36 h incl. 2 local nights, at most 168 h apart. ORO.FTL.210: cumulative duty and flight time.
Which flights ORO.FTL covers
ORO.FTL is Subpart FTL of Annex III to Regulation (EU) No 965/2012, with the CS FTL.1 certification specifications. It covers commercial air transport by aeroplane, with an exception that matters in business aviation. Article 8(2) reads:
“By way of derogation from paragraph 1, air taxi, emergency medical service and single pilot CAT operations by aeroplanes shall be subject to the requirements specified in the national law referred to in Article 8(4) of Regulation (EEC) No 3922/91 and in Subpart Q of Annex III to that Regulation.”
For flight time limitations, Article 2 defines air taxi as non-scheduled on-demand commercial air transport with an aeroplane whose maximum operational passenger seating configuration (MOPSC) is 19 or less. Much bizjet charter is therefore on EU-OPS Subpart Q and national rules, not on ORO.FTL. Chapter 7 of your OM-A says which scheme your operator uses. Galley’s app checks rosters against Subpart Q, the UK rules, FAA Part 117 and Part 135 as well.
What this calculator does not check
The calculator looks at one duty, in the time zone you are acclimatised to. It doesn’t see the duties before it, so it leaves out the cumulative limits (ORO.FTL.210), weekly rest (ORO.FTL.235(d)), how many extensions you used in the last 7 days, time-zone rest (CS FTL.1.235(b)), disruptive schedules (CS FTL.1.235(a)) and standby (ORO.FTL.225). Galley checks all of them on your roster.
Not checked yet, on the calculator or in the app:
- Cabin crew reporting earlier than flight crew (ORO.FTL.205(c)).
- Home standby followed by an FDP: no more than 18 hours awake (CS FTL.1.225(b)(2)), an operator procedure.
How Galley reads ORO.FTL
- Acclimatisation (ORO.FTL.105(1) Table 1) is worked out from the duties' time zones: Table 2 is read at the reference time (local time at a reporting point within 2 h of the zone the crew is acclimatised to); in an unknown state Table 3 applies and planned extensions are not allowed. Table 4 (operators with FRM) is not used. Without time zones on the duties, home base time is used.
- Time-zone rest (CS FTL.1.235(b)(3)-(4)) and local nights are read in the local time where the rest is taken. Not applied: the 14 h home-base derogation of (b)(3)(ii) with suitable accommodation, and GM1 ORO.FTL.105(1)(d)(1)-(2) (end of the unknown state after the time-zone rest): results are conservative.
- Planned extensions: CS FTL.1.205(b) table (no extension for FDPs starting 19:00–06:14), twice in 7 days, ORO.FTL.205(d) sector and WOCL limits and extra rest (consecutive extended FDPs: the extra rest is provided consecutively, 205(d)(2)).
- Split duty (CS FTL.1.220) and in-flight rest (augmented crew) are not credited yet: results are conservative.
- Cumulative duty limits count all duty; ORO.FTL.210 counts duty periods, so results match.
- Disruptive schedules: the authority chooses the early or late type (ARO.OPS.230); until yours is set in Galley, both are applied (early start 05:00–06:59, late finish 23:00–01:59), which can flag a legal roster but never passes an illegal one.
Rule set: EASA ORO.FTL / CS FTL.1, version 0.1.0, in force from 18 February 2016. The values come from the published regulation; a line-by-line check by an FTL specialist is still pending. Source: Regulation (EU) No 83/2014 on EUR-Lex and the EASA Easy Access Rules for Air Operations.
FAQ
What is the maximum FDP under EASA FTL?
For an acclimatised crew member, ORO.FTL.205(b)(1) Table 2 sets it by report time and sectors: 13:00 for 1 or 2 sectors reporting 06:00–13:29, 30 min less for each further sector, and never less than 9:00. Reports in the evening and at night get less: 11:00 for 1 or 2 sectors reporting 17:00–04:59.
How much can a planned extension add?
Up to 1 h, at most 2 times in any 7 consecutive days (ORO.FTL.205(d)). The CS FTL.1.205(b) table gives the extended maximum: 14:00 at best (1 or 2 sectors, 07:00–13:29), and none for an FDP starting 19:00–06:14. The rest before and after it each get 2 h longer, or the rest after it 4 h longer.
How long is the minimum rest after a duty?
At home base, at least as long as the duty period before it, and never less than 12 h. Away from base, at least as long as the duty period before it, and never less than 10 h, which includes an 8-hour sleep opportunity (ORO.FTL.235(a) and (b)). A planned extension or commander’s discretion changes it.
When does Table 3 apply?
When you are in an unknown state of acclimatisation, which ORO.FTL.105(1) Table 1 decides from the time-zone difference and the time since you reported at reference time. Table 3 of ORO.FTL.205(b)(2) then gives 11:00 for 1 or 2 sectors down to 9:00, whatever the report time, and planned extensions are not allowed.
Do business jet crews fly under ORO.FTL?
Not always. Regulation (EU) No 965/2012, Article 8(2), keeps air taxi, emergency medical service and single-pilot commercial air transport by aeroplane on EU-OPS Subpart Q and national rules. For flight time limitations, Article 2 defines air taxi as non-scheduled on-demand commercial air transport with an aeroplane whose maximum operational passenger seating configuration is 19 or less, which covers much bizjet charter. Your OM-A, chapter 7, says which scheme your operator uses.
Can I rely on this calculator?
Use it to check your own numbers. It is advisory: your operator’s approved FTL scheme and its planning system (Leon, for example) decide. Check with ops before you accept a duty.